diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'kernel/arch/x86')
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/boot.asm | 103 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/crti.asm | 12 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/crtn.asm | 9 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/gdt.asm | 35 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/gdt2.cpp | 51 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/idt.cpp | 133 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/isr.asm | 324 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/isr_handler.cpp | 21 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/linker.ld | 38 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/multiboot.cpp | 30 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/multiboot.h | 274 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/pic.cpp | 97 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/ps2_controller.cpp | 191 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/tmtty.cpp | 78 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | kernel/arch/x86/vga.h | 35 |
15 files changed, 1431 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/boot.asm b/kernel/arch/x86/boot.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..42c11e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/boot.asm @@ -0,0 +1,103 @@ +; multiboot header constants
+MBALIGN equ 1 << 0
+MEMINFO equ 1 << 1
+MBFLAGS equ MBALIGN | MEMINFO
+MAGIC equ 0x1BADB002
+CHECKSUM equ -(MAGIC+MBFLAGS)
+
+; multiboot header
+section .multiboot
+align 4
+ dd MAGIC
+ dd MBFLAGS
+ dd CHECKSUM
+
+section .data
+%include "arch/i386/gdt.asm"
+
+; defines the stack
+section .bss
+align 16
+stack_bottom:
+resb 16384 ; 16 KiB
+stack_top:
+
+; temporary paging tables
+align 4
+boot_page_directory:
+ resb 4096
+boot_page_table:
+ resb 4096
+
+
+section .text
+global _start:function (_start.end - _start)
+_start:
+ cli
+ ; setup stack
+ mov esp, stack_top
+
+ ; push the multiboot header data into the stack for later use
+ push eax
+ push ebx
+
+ ; get multiboot header data (for memory map)
+ ;extern multiboot_main
+ ;call multiboot_main
+
+ ;extern _init
+ ;Scall _init
+
+ lgdt [gdt_descriptor]
+ jmp 0x08:.gdt_jmp
+
+.gdt_jmp:
+ mov ax, DATA_SEG
+ mov ds, ax
+ mov es, ax
+ mov fs, ax
+ mov gs, ax
+ mov ss, ax
+ jmp .gdt_jmp2
+
+.gdt_jmp2:
+ ; setup paging (to map kernel to the higher half)
+ ;mov eax, 0
+ ;mov cr3, eax
+ ;mov eax, cr0
+ ;or eax, 0x80000001
+ ;mov cr0, eax
+
+ ; setup idt
+ extern idt_setup
+ call idt_setup
+ extern idtr
+ lidt [idtr]
+
+ ; initialize pic
+ push ebp
+ mov ebp, esp
+ mov ebx, 0x28
+ push ebx
+ mov ebx, 0x20
+ push ebx
+
+ extern pic_remap
+ call pic_remap
+
+ pop ebx
+ pop ebx
+ mov esp, ebp
+ pop ebp
+
+ sti
+
+ ; enter the kernel
+ extern kernel_main
+ call kernel_main
+
+ ; indefinite loop once system exits
+ ;cli
+.hang: hlt
+ jmp .hang
+.end:
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/crti.asm b/kernel/arch/x86/crti.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..51f27d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/crti.asm @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +; x86 crti.asm
+section .init
+global _init:function
+_init:
+ push ebp
+ mov ebp, esp
+
+section .fini
+global _fini:function
+_fini:
+ push ebp
+ mov ebp, esp
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/crtn.asm b/kernel/arch/x86/crtn.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..370f4ae --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/crtn.asm @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +; x86 crtn.asm
+
+section .init
+ pop ebp
+ ret
+
+section .fini
+ pop ebp
+ ret
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/gdt.asm b/kernel/arch/x86/gdt.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e3af8bd --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/gdt.asm @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +; gdt.asm
+; GDT is defined here
+
+gdt_start:
+
+gdt_null: ; Null segment
+ dd 0x0
+ dd 0x0
+
+gdt_kcode: ; Kernel code segment. Kernel has seperate segment from users for ring level
+ ; flag and access byte description on osdev wiki
+ dw 0xffff ; low limit
+ dw 0x0 ;low base
+ db 0x0 ; mid base
+ db 10011010b ; order (reversed): ac, rw, dc, ex, s, privl, pr
+ db 11001111b ; flags then limit. order (reversed): 0, 0, size bit, granularity bit
+ db 0x0 ; high limit
+
+gdt_kdata: ; same as gdt_kcode but for the data segment
+ dw 0xffff ;low limit
+ dw 0x0 ;low base
+ db 0x0 ;mid base
+ db 10010010b ; order: same as code seg. changed for data seg
+ db 11001111b ; same as kcode
+ db 0x0 ; high limit
+
+gdt_end:
+
+gdt_descriptor: ; describes the gdt to the lgdt register
+ dw gdt_end - gdt_start - 1
+
+ dd gdt_start
+
+CODE_SEG equ gdt_kcode - gdt_start
+DATA_SEG equ gdt_kdata - gdt_start
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/gdt2.cpp b/kernel/arch/x86/gdt2.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0acdb0e --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/gdt2.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+/*
+// structure to be encoded at encodeGdtEntry()
+struct GDT
+{
+ uint32_t base;
+ uint32_t limit;
+ uint8_t access_byte;
+ uint8_t flags;
+};
+
+GDT strnulldesc {0, 0, 0, 0};
+GDT strkernelcode {0, 0xFFFFF, 0x9A, 0xC};
+GDT strkerneldata {0, 0xFFFFF, 0x92, 0xC};
+GDT strusercode {0, 0xFFFFF, 0xFA, 0xC};
+GDT struserdata {0, 0xFFFFF, 0xF2, 0xC};
+
+uint8_t* nulldesc;
+uint8_t* kernelcode;
+uint8_t* kerneldata;
+uint8_t* usercode;
+uint8_t* userdata;
+
+
+void encodeGdtEntry(uint8_t *target, struct GDT source)
+{
+ // Check the limit to make sure that it can be encoded
+ if (source.limit > 0xFFFFF) {printf("GDT cannot encode limits larger than 0xFFFFF\n");}
+
+ // Encode the limit
+ target[0] = source.limit & 0xFF;
+ target[1] = (source.limit >> 8) & 0xFF;
+ target[6] = (source.limit >> 16) & 0x0F;
+
+ // Encode the base
+ target[2] = source.base & 0xFF;
+ target[3] = (source.base >> 8) & 0xFF;
+ target[4] = (source.base >> 16) & 0xFF;
+ target[7] = (source.base >> 24) & 0xFF;
+
+ // Encode the access byte
+ target[5] = source.access_byte;
+
+ // Encode the flags
+ target[6] |= (source.flags << 4);
+}
+
+extern "C" void setupGdt() {
+
+} */
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/idt.cpp b/kernel/arch/x86/idt.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a8f3ff4 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/idt.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ +#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/* Function prototypes for the ISR functions. IDT[0] to IDT[31] are reserved for hardware exceptions */
+extern "C" void isr0();
+extern "C" void isr1();
+extern "C" void isr2();
+extern "C" void isr3();
+extern "C" void isr4();
+extern "C" void isr5();
+extern "C" void isr6();
+extern "C" void isr7();
+extern "C" void isr8();
+extern "C" void isr9();
+extern "C" void isr10();
+extern "C" void isr11();
+extern "C" void isr12();
+extern "C" void isr13();
+extern "C" void isr14();
+extern "C" void isr15();
+extern "C" void isr16();
+extern "C" void isr17();
+extern "C" void isr18();
+extern "C" void isr19();
+extern "C" void isr20();
+extern "C" void isr21();
+extern "C" void isr22();
+extern "C" void isr23();
+extern "C" void isr24();
+extern "C" void isr25();
+extern "C" void isr26();
+extern "C" void isr27();
+extern "C" void isr28();
+extern "C" void isr29();
+extern "C" void isr30();
+extern "C" void isr31();
+extern "C" void isr32();
+extern "C" void isr33();
+extern "C" void isr34();
+extern "C" void isr35();
+extern "C" void isr36();
+extern "C" void isr37();
+extern "C" void isr38();
+extern "C" void isr39();
+extern "C" void isr40();
+extern "C" void isr41();
+extern "C" void isr42();
+extern "C" void isr43();
+extern "C" void isr44();
+extern "C" void isr45();
+extern "C" void isr46();
+extern "C" void isr47();
+
+struct idt_entry
+{
+ uint16_t offset_low;
+ uint16_t selector;
+ uint8_t always0;
+ uint8_t type_attributes;
+ uint16_t offset_high;
+}__attribute__((packed));
+
+struct str_idtr {
+ uint16_t limit;
+ uint32_t base;
+}__attribute__((packed));
+
+idt_entry idt[256];
+str_idtr idtr;
+
+void idt_new_entry(int num, uint32_t offset, uint16_t sel, uint8_t type_attribs) {
+ idt[num].offset_low = (offset & 0xFFFF);
+ idt[num].selector = sel;
+ idt[num].always0 = 0;
+ idt[num].type_attributes = type_attribs;
+ idt[num].offset_high = (offset >> 16) & 0xFFFF;
+}
+
+extern "C" void idt_setup() {
+ idtr.limit = (sizeof(struct idt_entry) * 256) - 1;
+ idtr.base = (uint32_t)idt;
+
+ // todo: is there really no other way?
+ idt_new_entry(0, (unsigned)isr0, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(1, (unsigned)isr1, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(2, (unsigned)isr2, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(3, (unsigned)isr3, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(4, (unsigned)isr4, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(5, (unsigned)isr5, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(6, (unsigned)isr6, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(7, (unsigned)isr7, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(8, (unsigned)isr8, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(9, (unsigned)isr9, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(10, (unsigned)isr10, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(11, (unsigned)isr11, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(12, (unsigned)isr12, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(13, (unsigned)isr13, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(14, (unsigned)isr14, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(15, (unsigned)isr15, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(16, (unsigned)isr16, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(17, (unsigned)isr17, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(18, (unsigned)isr18, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(19, (unsigned)isr19, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(20, (unsigned)isr20, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(21, (unsigned)isr21, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(22, (unsigned)isr22, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(23, (unsigned)isr23, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(24, (unsigned)isr24, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(25, (unsigned)isr25, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(26, (unsigned)isr26, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(27, (unsigned)isr27, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(28, (unsigned)isr28, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(29, (unsigned)isr29, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(30, (unsigned)isr30, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(31, (unsigned)isr31, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ //PIC entries
+ idt_new_entry(32, (unsigned)isr32, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(33, (unsigned)isr33, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(34, (unsigned)isr34, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(35, (unsigned)isr35, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(36, (unsigned)isr36, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(37, (unsigned)isr37, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(38, (unsigned)isr38, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(39, (unsigned)isr39, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(40, (unsigned)isr40, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(41, (unsigned)isr41, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(42, (unsigned)isr42, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(43, (unsigned)isr43, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(44, (unsigned)isr44, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(45, (unsigned)isr45, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(46, (unsigned)isr46, 0x08, 0x8E);
+ idt_new_entry(47, (unsigned)isr47, 0x08, 0x8E);
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/isr.asm b/kernel/arch/x86/isr.asm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4ccbaf9 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/isr.asm @@ -0,0 +1,324 @@ +; isr.asm
+; ISR functions are defined here. Most code is done in isr_handlers.cpp
+
+global isr0
+global isr1
+global isr2
+global isr3
+global isr4
+global isr5
+global isr6
+global isr7
+global isr8
+global isr9
+global isr10
+global isr11
+global isr12
+global isr13
+global isr14
+global isr15
+global isr16
+global isr17
+global isr18
+global isr19
+global isr20
+global isr21
+global isr22
+global isr23
+global isr24
+global isr25
+global isr26
+global isr27
+global isr28
+global isr29
+global isr30
+global isr31
+global isr32
+global isr33
+global isr34
+global isr35
+global isr36
+global isr37
+global isr38
+global isr39
+global isr40
+global isr41
+global isr42
+global isr43
+global isr44
+global isr45
+global isr46
+global isr47
+
+section .text
+align 4
+
+isr0:
+ pushad
+ mov ebx, 0
+ call exception_stub
+ hlt
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr1:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr2:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr3:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr4:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr5:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr6:
+ pushad
+ mov ebx, 6
+ call exception_stub
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr7:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr8:
+ pushad
+ mov ebx, 8
+ call exception_stub
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr9:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr10:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr11:
+ pushad
+ mov ebx, 11
+ call exception_stub
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr12:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr13:
+ pushad
+ mov ebx, 13
+ call exception_stub
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr14:
+ pushad
+ mov ebx, 14
+ call exception_stub
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr15:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr16:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr17:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr18:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr19:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr20:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr21:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr22:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr23:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr24:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr25:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr26:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr27:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+isr28:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr29:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr30:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr31:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr32:
+ pushad
+ ;extern pit_handler
+ ;call pit_handler
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr33:
+ pushad
+ extern ps2_handler
+ call ps2_handler
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr34:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr35:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr36:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+isr37:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr38:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr39:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr40:
+ pushad
+ xchg bx, bx
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr41:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr42:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr43:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr44:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr45:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr46:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+isr47:
+ pushad
+ popad
+ iret
+
+exception_stub:
+ push ebp
+ mov ebp, esp
+
+ push ebx
+ ;cld
+ extern exception_handler
+ call exception_handler
+ pop ebx
+
+ mov esp, ebp
+ pop ebp
+ ret
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/isr_handler.cpp b/kernel/arch/x86/isr_handler.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ac8fb49 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/isr_handler.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,21 @@ +#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <arch/i386/tmtty.h>
+#include <arch/i386/ps2_controller.h>
+#include <dev/ps2kbd.h>
+#include <arch/i386/pic.h>
+#include <io.h>
+
+extern "C" void exception_handler(int e) {
+ //unsigned char errorcode[2]{((unsigned char) e) + 48};
+ //terminal_initialize();
+ printf("Exception %x\n", e);
+}
+
+#define PS2_DATA 0x60
+extern "C" void ps2_handler() {
+ keyboard_write(inb(PS2_DATA));
+
+ pic_send_eoi(1);
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/linker.ld b/kernel/arch/x86/linker.ld new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c4bfa3b --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/linker.ld @@ -0,0 +1,38 @@ +/* Excecution start point symbol */
+ENTRY(_start)
+
+SECTIONS
+{
+ . = 1M;
+
+ /* Used to get the beginning and end address of the kernel */
+ _kernel_begin = .;
+
+ /* code. multiboot header comes first */
+ .text BLOCK(4K) : ALIGN(4K)
+ {
+ *(.multiboot)
+ *(.text)
+ }
+
+ /* read only data */
+ .rodata BLOCK(4K) : ALIGN(4K)
+ {
+ *(.rodata)
+ }
+
+ /* read write data (initialized) */
+ .data BLOCK(4K) : ALIGN(4K)
+ {
+ *(.data)
+ }
+
+ /* read write data (uninitialized) and stack */
+ .bss BLOCK(4K) : ALIGN(4K)
+ {
+ *(COMMON)
+ *(.bss)
+ }
+
+ _kernel_end = .;
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/multiboot.cpp b/kernel/arch/x86/multiboot.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9f3eedb --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/multiboot.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "multiboot.h"
+#include <arch/i386/tmtty.h>
+
+// gets the memory map and stuff
+extern "C" void multiboot_main(multiboot_info_t* mbd, uint32_t magic) {
+ terminal_initialize();
+ //printf("multiboot struc addr: %x\n", mbd);
+ if (magic != MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC) {
+ printf("Invalid multiboot magic number\n");
+ abort();
+ }
+
+ // checks bit 6 to see if there's a valid memory map
+ if (!(mbd->flags >> 6 & 0x1)) {
+ printf("Invalid GRUB memory map\n");
+ abort();
+ }
+
+ // loop through memory map and display the values
+ for (int i = 0; i < mbd->mmap_length; i += sizeof(multiboot_memory_map_t)) {
+ multiboot_memory_map_t* mmmt = (multiboot_memory_map_t*)(mbd->mmap_addr + i);
+
+ printf("Start Addr: 0x%lx | Length: 0x%lx | Size: 0x%x | Type: %d\n",
+ mmmt->addr, mmmt->len, mmmt->size, mmmt->type);
+ //printf("%lx,%x,%x,%d\n", mmmt->size, mmmt->size, mmmt->size, mmmt->size);
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/multiboot.h b/kernel/arch/x86/multiboot.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0951ebe --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/multiboot.h @@ -0,0 +1,274 @@ +/* multiboot.h - Multiboot header file. */
+/* Copyright (C) 1999,2003,2007,2008,2009,2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
+ * deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
+ * rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
+ * sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL ANY
+ * DEVELOPER OR DISTRIBUTOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+ * WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR
+ * IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef MULTIBOOT_HEADER
+#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER 1
+
+/* How many bytes from the start of the file we search for the header. */
+#define MULTIBOOT_SEARCH 8192
+#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_ALIGN 4
+
+/* The magic field should contain this. */
+#define MULTIBOOT_HEADER_MAGIC 0x1BADB002
+
+/* This should be in %eax. */
+#define MULTIBOOT_BOOTLOADER_MAGIC 0x2BADB002
+
+/* Alignment of multiboot modules. */
+#define MULTIBOOT_MOD_ALIGN 0x00001000
+
+/* Alignment of the multiboot info structure. */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_ALIGN 0x00000004
+
+/* Flags set in the ’flags’ member of the multiboot header. */
+
+/* Align all boot modules on i386 page (4KB) boundaries. */
+#define MULTIBOOT_PAGE_ALIGN 0x00000001
+
+/* Must pass memory information to OS. */
+#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_INFO 0x00000002
+
+/* Must pass video information to OS. */
+#define MULTIBOOT_VIDEO_MODE 0x00000004
+
+/* This flag indicates the use of the address fields in the header. */
+#define MULTIBOOT_AOUT_KLUDGE 0x00010000
+
+/* Flags to be set in the ’flags’ member of the multiboot info structure. */
+
+/* is there basic lower/upper memory information? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_MEMORY 0x00000001
+/* is there a boot device set? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_BOOTDEV 0x00000002
+/* is the command-line defined? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_CMDLINE 0x00000004
+/* are there modules to do something with? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_MODS 0x00000008
+
+/* These next two are mutually exclusive */
+
+/* is there a symbol table loaded? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_AOUT_SYMS 0x00000010
+/* is there an ELF section header table? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_ELF_SHDR 0X00000020
+
+/* is there a full memory map? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_MEM_MAP 0x00000040
+
+/* Is there drive info? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_DRIVE_INFO 0x00000080
+
+/* Is there a config table? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_CONFIG_TABLE 0x00000100
+
+/* Is there a boot loader name? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_BOOT_LOADER_NAME 0x00000200
+
+/* Is there a APM table? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_APM_TABLE 0x00000400
+
+/* Is there video information? */
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_VBE_INFO 0x00000800
+#define MULTIBOOT_INFO_FRAMEBUFFER_INFO 0x00001000
+
+#ifndef ASM_FILE
+
+typedef unsigned char multiboot_uint8_t;
+typedef unsigned short multiboot_uint16_t;
+typedef unsigned int multiboot_uint32_t;
+typedef unsigned long long multiboot_uint64_t;
+
+struct multiboot_header
+{
+ /* Must be MULTIBOOT_MAGIC - see above. */
+ multiboot_uint32_t magic;
+
+ /* Feature flags. */
+ multiboot_uint32_t flags;
+
+ /* The above fields plus this one must equal 0 mod 2^32. */
+ multiboot_uint32_t checksum;
+
+ /* These are only valid if MULTIBOOT_AOUT_KLUDGE is set. */
+ multiboot_uint32_t header_addr;
+ multiboot_uint32_t load_addr;
+ multiboot_uint32_t load_end_addr;
+ multiboot_uint32_t bss_end_addr;
+ multiboot_uint32_t entry_addr;
+
+ /* These are only valid if MULTIBOOT_VIDEO_MODE is set. */
+ multiboot_uint32_t mode_type;
+ multiboot_uint32_t width;
+ multiboot_uint32_t height;
+ multiboot_uint32_t depth;
+};
+
+/* The symbol table for a.out. */
+struct multiboot_aout_symbol_table
+{
+ multiboot_uint32_t tabsize;
+ multiboot_uint32_t strsize;
+ multiboot_uint32_t addr;
+ multiboot_uint32_t reserved;
+};
+typedef struct multiboot_aout_symbol_table multiboot_aout_symbol_table_t;
+
+/* The section header table for ELF. */
+struct multiboot_elf_section_header_table
+{
+ multiboot_uint32_t num;
+ multiboot_uint32_t size;
+ multiboot_uint32_t addr;
+ multiboot_uint32_t shndx;
+};
+typedef struct multiboot_elf_section_header_table multiboot_elf_section_header_table_t;
+
+struct multiboot_info
+{
+ /* Multiboot info version number */
+ multiboot_uint32_t flags;
+
+ /* Available memory from BIOS */
+ multiboot_uint32_t mem_lower;
+ multiboot_uint32_t mem_upper;
+
+ /* "root" partition */
+ multiboot_uint32_t boot_device;
+
+ /* Kernel command line */
+ multiboot_uint32_t cmdline;
+
+ /* Boot-Module list */
+ multiboot_uint32_t mods_count;
+ multiboot_uint32_t mods_addr;
+
+ union
+ {
+ multiboot_aout_symbol_table_t aout_sym;
+ multiboot_elf_section_header_table_t elf_sec;
+ } u;
+
+ /* Memory Mapping buffer */
+ multiboot_uint32_t mmap_length;
+ multiboot_uint32_t mmap_addr;
+
+ /* Drive Info buffer */
+ multiboot_uint32_t drives_length;
+ multiboot_uint32_t drives_addr;
+
+ /* ROM configuration table */
+ multiboot_uint32_t config_table;
+
+ /* Boot Loader Name */
+ multiboot_uint32_t boot_loader_name;
+
+ /* APM table */
+ multiboot_uint32_t apm_table;
+
+ /* Video */
+ multiboot_uint32_t vbe_control_info;
+ multiboot_uint32_t vbe_mode_info;
+ multiboot_uint16_t vbe_mode;
+ multiboot_uint16_t vbe_interface_seg;
+ multiboot_uint16_t vbe_interface_off;
+ multiboot_uint16_t vbe_interface_len;
+
+ multiboot_uint64_t framebuffer_addr;
+ multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_pitch;
+ multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_width;
+ multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_height;
+ multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_bpp;
+#define MULTIBOOT_FRAMEBUFFER_TYPE_INDEXED 0
+#define MULTIBOOT_FRAMEBUFFER_TYPE_RGB 1
+#define MULTIBOOT_FRAMEBUFFER_TYPE_EGA_TEXT 2
+ multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_type;
+ union
+ {
+ struct
+ {
+ multiboot_uint32_t framebuffer_palette_addr;
+ multiboot_uint16_t framebuffer_palette_num_colors;
+ };
+ struct
+ {
+ multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_red_field_position;
+ multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_red_mask_size;
+ multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_green_field_position;
+ multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_green_mask_size;
+ multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_blue_field_position;
+ multiboot_uint8_t framebuffer_blue_mask_size;
+ };
+ };
+};
+typedef struct multiboot_info multiboot_info_t;
+
+struct multiboot_color
+{
+ multiboot_uint8_t red;
+ multiboot_uint8_t green;
+ multiboot_uint8_t blue;
+};
+
+struct multiboot_mmap_entry
+{
+ multiboot_uint32_t size;
+ multiboot_uint64_t addr;
+ multiboot_uint64_t len;
+#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_AVAILABLE 1
+#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_RESERVED 2
+#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_ACPI_RECLAIMABLE 3
+#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_NVS 4
+#define MULTIBOOT_MEMORY_BADRAM 5
+ multiboot_uint32_t type;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+typedef struct multiboot_mmap_entry multiboot_memory_map_t;
+
+struct multiboot_mod_list
+{
+ /* the memory used goes from bytes ’mod_start’ to ’mod_end-1’ inclusive */
+ multiboot_uint32_t mod_start;
+ multiboot_uint32_t mod_end;
+
+ /* Module command line */
+ multiboot_uint32_t cmdline;
+
+ /* padding to take it to 16 bytes (must be zero) */
+ multiboot_uint32_t pad;
+};
+typedef struct multiboot_mod_list multiboot_module_t;
+
+/* APM BIOS info. */
+struct multiboot_apm_info
+{
+ multiboot_uint16_t version;
+ multiboot_uint16_t cseg;
+ multiboot_uint32_t offset;
+ multiboot_uint16_t cseg_16;
+ multiboot_uint16_t dseg;
+ multiboot_uint16_t flags;
+ multiboot_uint16_t cseg_len;
+ multiboot_uint16_t cseg_16_len;
+ multiboot_uint16_t dseg_len;
+};
+
+#endif /* ! ASM_FILE */
+
+#endif /* ! MULTIBOOT_HEADER */
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/pic.cpp b/kernel/arch/x86/pic.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..78cbcf8 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/pic.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +#include <io.h>
+#include <arch/i386/pic.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <arch/i386/pic.h>
+
+#define PIC1 0x20
+#define PIC2 0xA0
+#define PIC1_CMD PIC1
+#define PIC1_DATA (PIC1 + 1)
+#define PIC2_CMD PIC2
+#define PIC2_DATA (PIC2 + 1)
+#define PIC_READ_IRR 0x0a // OCW3 irq ready next CMD read
+#define PIC_READ_ISR 0x0b // OCW3 irq service next CMD read
+
+#define PIC_EOI 0x20
+
+// pic reinitialization constants
+#define ICW1_ICW4 0x01 // indicates icw4 will be present
+#define ICW1_SINGLE 0x02 // single cascade mode
+#define ICW1_INTERVAL4 0x04 // call address interval 4
+#define ICW1_LEVEL 0x08 // level triggered (edge) mode
+#define ICW1_INIT 0x10 // initialization
+
+#define ICW4_8086 0x01 // 8086 mode
+#define ICW4_AUTO 0x02 // auto (normal) eoi
+#define ICW4_BUF_SLAVE 0x08 // buffered mode/slave
+#define ICW4_BUF_MASTER 0x0C // buffered mode/master
+#define ICW4_SFNM 0x10 // special fully nested (not)
+
+void pic_send_eoi(unsigned char irq) {
+ if (irq >= 8) {
+ outb(PIC2_CMD, PIC_EOI);
+ }
+ outb(PIC1_CMD, PIC_EOI);
+}
+
+// offset 1 is for master, offset 2 is for slave
+void pic_remap(int offset1, int offset2) {
+ unsigned char a1, a2;
+
+ a1 = inb(PIC1_DATA); // save masks
+ a2 = inb(PIC2_DATA);
+
+ outb(PIC1_CMD, ICW1_INIT | ICW1_ICW4); // starts initialization in cascade mode
+ io_wait();
+ outb(PIC2_CMD, ICW1_INIT | ICW1_ICW4);
+ io_wait();
+ outb(PIC1_DATA, offset1); // icw2: master and slave vector offset set
+ io_wait();
+ outb(PIC2_DATA, offset2);
+ io_wait();
+ outb(PIC1_DATA, 4); // tells master pic theres a slave pic at irq2
+ io_wait();
+ outb(PIC2_DATA, 2); // tells slave pic its cascade identity
+ io_wait();
+
+ outb(PIC1_DATA, ICW4_8086);
+ io_wait();
+ outb(PIC2_DATA, ICW4_8086);
+ io_wait();
+
+ outb(PIC1_DATA, a1); // restore masks
+ outb(PIC2_DATA, a2);
+
+ for (char i = 0; i < 15; i++)
+ {
+ irq_set_mask(i);
+ }
+}
+
+void irq_set_mask(unsigned char irq) {
+ uint16_t port;
+ uint8_t value;
+
+ if (irq < 8) {
+ port = PIC1_DATA;
+ } else {
+ port = PIC2_DATA;
+ irq -= 8;
+ }
+ value = inb(port) | (1 << irq);
+ outb(port, value);
+}
+
+void irq_clear_mask(unsigned char irq) {
+ uint16_t port;
+ uint8_t value;
+
+ if (irq < 8) {
+ port = PIC1_DATA;
+ } else {
+ port = PIC2_DATA;
+ irq -= 8;
+ }
+ value = inb(port) & ~(1 << irq);
+ outb(port, value);
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/ps2_controller.cpp b/kernel/arch/x86/ps2_controller.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9424233 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/ps2_controller.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,191 @@ +#include <io.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <arch/i386/ps2_controller.h>
+
+#define PS2_DATA 0x60 // data port
+#define PS2_STATUS 0x64 // status register
+#define PS2_COMMAND 0x64 // command register
+
+// set to true if 2nd ps2 port is available
+bool ps2SecondaryEnabled = false;
+
+void initialize_ps2_controller() {
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0xAD); // disable devices
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0xA7);
+
+ outputbuffer_wait();
+ inb(PS2_DATA); // flush output buffer
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+
+
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0x20); // set controller configuration byte
+ outputbuffer_wait();
+ uint8_t conconfig = inb(PS2_DATA);
+ conconfig &= 0b00110100;
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0x60);
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_DATA, conconfig);
+
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0xAA); // performs controller self test
+ outputbuffer_wait();
+ if (inb(PS2_DATA) == 0xFC) {
+ printf("PS/2 controller failed self test\n");
+ }
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0x60); // in case the controller resets from the test
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_DATA, conconfig);
+
+ int portcount = 1;
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0xA8); // check if ps2 controller is dual channel
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0x20);
+ outputbuffer_wait();
+ conconfig = inb(PS2_DATA);
+ if ((conconfig & 0b00100000) == 0b00000000) { // checks if bit 5 is cleared
+ ps2SecondaryEnabled = true;
+ //printf("Dual channel PS/2\n");
+ portcount = 2;
+ } else {
+ //printf("Single channel PS/2\n");
+ }
+
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0xAB); // tests ps2 ports
+ outputbuffer_wait();
+ if (inb(PS2_DATA) != 0x00) {
+ printf("PS/2 port 1 failed self test\n");
+ --portcount;
+ }
+ if (ps2SecondaryEnabled) {
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0xA9);
+ outputbuffer_wait();
+ if (inb(PS2_DATA) != 0x00) {
+ printf("PS/2 port 2 failed self test\n");
+ --portcount;
+ }
+ }
+ if (!portcount) {
+ printf("PS/2 initialization failed\n");
+ return;
+ }
+
+ conconfig |= 0b00000011;
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0xAE); // enable ps2 ports
+ conconfig |= 0b00000001;
+ if (ps2SecondaryEnabled) {
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0xA8);
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0x60);
+ conconfig |= 0b00000011;
+ outb(PS2_DATA, conconfig);
+ } else {
+ inputbuffer_wait();
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0x60);
+ conconfig |= 0b00000001;
+ outb(PS2_DATA, conconfig);
+ }
+
+ //ps2_dev_send_command(0, 0xFF); // reset devices
+ //inb(PS2_DATA);
+ //io_wait();
+ if (ps2SecondaryEnabled) {
+ //ps2_dev_send_command(1, 0xFF);
+ //inb(PS2_DATA);
+ //io_wait();
+ }
+
+ //printf("PS/2 controller initialized\n");
+}
+
+// waits for input buffer (write) to be filled
+void inputbuffer_wait() {
+ for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
+ uint8_t status_reg = inb(PS2_STATUS);
+ if ((status_reg & 0b00000010)) {
+ return;
+ }
+ io_wait();
+ }
+}
+
+// waits for outbut buffer (read) to be filled
+void outputbuffer_wait() {
+ for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
+ uint8_t status_reg = inb(PS2_STATUS);
+ if ((status_reg & 0b00000001)) {
+ return;
+ }
+ io_wait();
+ }
+}
+
+// checks if inpbut buffer is set
+bool inputbuffer_check() {
+ uint8_t status_reg = inb(PS2_STATUS);
+ if ((status_reg & 0b00000010)) {
+ return true;
+ } else {
+ return false;
+ }
+}
+
+bool outputbuffer_check() {
+ uint8_t status_reg = inb(PS2_STATUS);
+ if ((status_reg & 0b00000001)) {
+ return true;
+ } else {
+ return false;
+ }
+}
+
+/* Sends a command byte to a ps2 device
+Port numbers start from 0 */
+int ps2_dev_send_command(int port, unsigned char command) {
+ //bool commandRecieved = false;
+ switch (port)
+ {
+ case 0:
+ for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+ uint8_t status_reg = inb(PS2_STATUS);
+ if ((status_reg & 0b00000010) == 0b00000000) {
+ outb(PS2_DATA, command);
+ return 0;
+ }
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+ io_wait();
+ }
+ return 1; // error returned if timeout expires
+ case 1:
+ outb(PS2_COMMAND, 0xD4);
+ for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+ uint8_t status_reg = inb(PS2_STATUS);
+ if ((status_reg & 0b00000010) == 0b00000000) {
+ outb(PS2_DATA, command);
+ return 0;
+ }
+ inb(PS2_DATA);
+ io_wait();
+ }
+ return 1;
+ default:
+ return 2; // out of port range
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/tmtty.cpp b/kernel/arch/x86/tmtty.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d4dc772 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/tmtty.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <arch/i386/tmtty.h>
+
+#include "vga.h"
+
+/* Text mode tty */
+
+static const size_t VGA_WIDTH = 80;
+static const size_t VGA_HEIGHT = 25;
+static uint16_t* const VGA_MEMORY = (uint16_t*) 0xB8000;
+
+size_t terminal_row;
+size_t terminal_column;
+uint8_t terminal_color;
+uint16_t* terminal_buffer;
+
+void terminal_clear(void) {
+ terminal_row = 0;
+ terminal_column = 0;
+ for (size_t y = 0; y < VGA_HEIGHT; y++) {
+ for (size_t x = 0; x < VGA_WIDTH; x++) {
+ const size_t i = y * VGA_WIDTH + x;
+ terminal_buffer[i] = vga_entry(' ', terminal_color);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void terminal_initialize(void) {
+ terminal_color = vga_entry_color(VGA_COLOR_WHITE, VGA_COLOR_BLACK);
+ terminal_buffer = VGA_MEMORY;
+ terminal_clear();
+}
+
+void terminal_setcolor(uint8_t color) {
+ terminal_color = color;
+}
+
+void terminal_putentryat(char c, uint8_t color, size_t x, size_t y) {
+ const size_t i = y * VGA_WIDTH + x;
+ terminal_buffer[i] = vga_entry(c, color);
+}
+
+void terminal_scroll() {
+ memmove(VGA_MEMORY, (VGA_MEMORY + VGA_WIDTH), (VGA_HEIGHT * VGA_WIDTH) - VGA_WIDTH);
+ memset(VGA_MEMORY + (VGA_WIDTH * VGA_HEIGHT) - VGA_WIDTH, 0x0, VGA_WIDTH * 2);
+ --terminal_row;
+}
+
+void terminal_putchar(char c) {
+ unsigned char uc = c;
+ if (uc == '\n') {
+ terminal_column = 0;
+ if (terminal_row++ == VGA_HEIGHT)
+ terminal_scroll();
+ return;
+ }
+ terminal_putentryat(uc, terminal_color, terminal_column, terminal_row);
+
+ if (++terminal_column == VGA_WIDTH) {
+ terminal_column = 0;
+ if (++terminal_row == VGA_HEIGHT) {
+ terminal_scroll();
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void terminal_write(const char* data, size_t size) {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+ terminal_putchar(data[i]);
+ }
+}
+
+void terminal_writestring(const char* data) {
+ terminal_write(data, strlen(data));
+}
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/kernel/arch/x86/vga.h b/kernel/arch/x86/vga.h new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5b6b351 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/arch/x86/vga.h @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +#ifndef ARCH_I386_VGA_H
+#define ARCH_I386_VGA_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+// hardware text mode constants
+enum vga_color {
+ VGA_COLOR_BLACK = 0,
+ VGA_COLOR_BLUE = 1,
+ VGA_COLOR_GREEN = 2,
+ VGA_COLOR_CYAN = 3,
+ VGA_COLOR_RED = 4,
+ VGA_COLOR_MAGENTA = 5,
+ VGA_COLOR_BROWN = 6,
+ VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_GREY = 7,
+ VGA_COLOR_DARK_GREY = 8,
+ VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_BLUE = 9,
+ VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_GREEN = 10,
+ VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_CYAN = 11,
+ VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_RED = 12,
+ VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_MAGENTA = 13,
+ VGA_COLOR_LIGHT_BROWN = 14,
+ VGA_COLOR_WHITE = 15,
+};
+
+static inline uint8_t vga_entry_color(enum vga_color fg, enum vga_color bg) {
+ return fg | bg << 4;
+}
+
+// returns the character/color of a terminal entry
+static inline uint16_t vga_entry(unsigned char uc, uint8_t color) {
+ return (uint16_t) uc | (uint16_t) color << 8;
+}
+
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file |